|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The AVHRR, SMMR-SSM/I and TOVS Polar Pathfinder research teams collaborated to make it as easy as possible to use Polar Pathfinder data sets together by employing a common projection, namely the NSIDC Equal-Area Scalable Earth-Grid (EASE-Grid), and validation methods to develop consistently processed data sets that are easy to combine, compare and contrast. This CD-ROM includes sample data, time-series visualizations, and browse products, for temporal and spatial subsets of the AVHRR, SMMR-SSM/I and TOVS data sets, to illustrate the types of products available for the various data sets. Also included in this CD-ROM is the P-Cube, is a multidimensional structure combining arctic SSM/I, AVHRR and TOVS data.
AVHRR products for both hemispheres, at 1.25 and 5 km resolutions, include calibrated channel data, surface broadband albedo, surface temperature, and ancillary data so that users can apply algorithms of their choice to calculate albedo and surface temperature. To conserve space, the CD-ROM includes 1.25 km AVHRR time-series visualizations, rather than raw data; and 5 km AVHRR sample data, movies and browse images. SSM/I brightness temperature data and time files for one day in 1997 are included, in each of three projections: Northern and Southern Hemispheres and a global projection. TOVS parameters derived from arctic radiances include atmospheric temperature profiles, water vapor, surface temperature, total effective cloud fraction, cloud top pressure and temperature, turning angle between geostrophic wind and surface stress over ice, emissivity, boundary layer stratification and geostrophic drag coefficient. The CD-ROM includes sample TOVS products for four selected dates in 1988.
The P-Cube is a multidimensional structure combining arctic SSM/I, AVHRR and TOVS data, all mapped to a 100 km resolution EASE-Grid, thereby facilitating study of polar processes and interactions among them using data from multiple sensors. The current prototype version of the P-Cube includes the most important parameters from the three Polar Pathfinders noted above. The Polar Pathfinder Sampler CD-ROM is currently the only source of the P-Cube data; temporal coverage extends from 1 January 1988 to 31 December 1989.
All data at the original resolution are now available. See NOAA/NASA Polar Pathfinder Data or contact User Services for more information.
National Snow and Ice Data Center, compiler. 1999. Polar Pathfinder sampler: AVHRR, SMMR-SSM/I, and TOVS samples and combined time series. Boulder, CO: National Snow and Ice Data Center. CD-ROM.
To broaden awareness of our services, NSIDC requests that you acknowledge the use of data sets distributed by NSIDC. Please refer to the citation below for the suggested form, or contact NSIDC User Services for further information. We also request that you send us one reprint of any publication that cites the use of data received from our Center. This helps us to determine the level of use of the data we distribute. Thank you.
Agnew, T.A., H. Le, and T. Hirose. 1997. Estimation of large scale sea ice motion from SSM/I 85.5 GHz imagery, Annals of Glaciol.. 25:305-11.
Agnew, T.A., H. Le, and T. Hirose. 1996. Estimation of large scale sea ice motion from SSM/I 85.5 GHz imagery. Climate and Atmospheric Research Directorate Research Report No. 96-003, AES, Environment Canada, 28 pp.
Armstrong, R.L. and M.J. Brodzik. 1995. An Earth-gridded SSM/I data set for cryospheric studies and global change monitoring. Adv. Space Res. 16(10):155-(10)163.
Brodzik, M. J. 1997. The NSIDC EASE-Grid Map Projection Parameters and Grid Definitions. Unpublished report to the National Snow and Ice Data Center, Boulder, CO.
Cavalieri, D. J., P. Gloersen, and W. J. Campbell. 1984. Determination of sea ice parameters with the Nimbus 7 SMMR. J. Geophys. Res. 89(D4):5,355-69.
Cavalieri, D. J., J. Crawford, M. Drinkwater, W. J. Emery, D. T. Eppler, L. D. Farmer, M. Goodberlet, R. Jentz, A. Milman, C. Morris, R. Onstott, A. Schweiger, R. Shuchman, K. Steffen, C. T. Swift, C. Wackerman, and R. L. Weaver. 1992. NASA sea ice validation program for the DMSP SSM/I: Final Report, NASA Tech. Memo 104559. 126 p.
Chedin, A. N. A. Scott, C. Wahiche, P. Moulinier. 1985. The improved initialization inversion method: A high resolution physical method for temperature retrievals from satellites of the TIROS-N series. Journal of Climate and applied Meteorology 24:128-143.
Claud, C., J. Ovarlez, A. Chedin, and N. Scott, 1993. TOVS observations of a stratospheric cooling during the CHEOPS 3 campaign: February 4-6, 1990, over Scandinavia. J. of Geophys. Res. 98:7229-43.
Comiso J.C., D.J. Cavalieri, C.L. Parkinson, and P. Gloersen. 1997. Passive microwave algorithms for sea ice concentration: A comparison of two techniques. Remote Sens. Environ. 60:357-384.
Francis, J. A., and A. J. Schweiger. 1999. The NASA/NOAA TOVS Polar Pathfinder: 18 years of arctic Data. Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Polar Meteorology and Oceanography, Dallas, TX, Jan 10-15, 1999.
Emery, W.J., C. Fowler, and J.A. Maslanik. 1997. Satellite-derived maps of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice motion: 1988 to 1994. Geophys. Res. Lett. 24(8):897-900.
Emery, W.J., C.W. Fowler, J. Hawkins, and R.H. Preller. 1991. Satellite image inferred sea ice motion in Fram Strait, the Greenland Sea and the Barents Sea. J. Geophys. Res. 96(C3):4,751-4,768. (Correction: Emery, W.J. et al. 1991. Correction to Fram Strait satellite image-derived ice motions. J. of Geophys. Res. 96(C5): 8917-8920).
Fowler, C., J.A. Maslanik, and W.J. Emery. 1994. Observed and simulated ice motion for an annual cycle in the Beaufort Sea. IGARSS '94, Pasadena, CA, 1303-1305.
Francis, J. A. 1994. Improvements to TOVS retrievals over sea ice and applications to estimating arctic energy fluxes. Journal of Geophysical Research 99(D5):10,395-408.
Galantowicz, J. F., A. W. England. 1991. The Michigan Earth Grid: Description, Registration Method for SSM/I Data, and Derivative Map Projections. Radiation Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Technical Report 027396-2-T. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Galantowicz, J. F. 1995. Microwave Radiometry of Snow-Covered Grasslands for the Estimation of Land-Atmosphere Energy and Moisture Fluxes. PhD Thesis, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Gloersen P. and D. J. Cavalieri. 1986. Reduction of weather effects in the calculation of sea ice concentration from microwave radiances. J. Geophys. Res. 91(C3):3913-3919.
Goodison, B.E. 1989. Determination of areal snow water equivalent on the Canadian prairies using passive microwave satellite data. IGARSS '89, Proceedings 3:1243-1246.
Hahn, C. J, S.G. Warren and J. London, 1995. The Effect of moonlight on observation of cloud cover at night, and application to cloud climatology. J. Climate 8(Part II):1429-46
Hollinger, J. P., J. L. Pierce, G. A. Poe. 1990. SSM/I Instrument Evaluation. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 28(5):781-790.
Hutchinson, T. and T. Scambos. 1997. High-Resolution Polar Climate Parameters Derived from 1-km AVHRR Data. American Meteorological Society 18.7, 8th Global Change Studies, pp. 284-289.
Key, J. 1998. Cloud and surface parameter retrieval (CASPR) system for polar AVHRR: User's guide. Technical Report 96-02, Boston, MA, Boston University, Department of Geography, Boston Univ.
Key, J.R., J.B. Collins, C. Fowler, and R.S. Stone. 1997. High-latitude surface temperature estimates from thermal satellite data. Remote Sens. Environ. 63:302-309.
Key, J.R., and M. Haefliger. 1992. Arctic ice surface temperature retrieval from AVHRR thermal channels. J. Geophys. Res. 97(D5):5885-5893.
Kidwell, K. B. 1991. NOAA Polar Orbiter Data User's Guide. NOAA/NESDIS/NCDC/SDSD, Washington, D.C.
Knowles, K. W. 1993. Points, Pixels, Grids, and Cells -- a Mapping and Gridding Primer. Unpublished report to the National Snow and Ice Data Center, Boulder, CO.
Koepke, P. 1989. Removal of atmospheric effects from AVHRR albedos. J. Appl. Meteorol. 28:1341-1348.
Kwok, R., A. Schweiger, D.A. Rothrock, S. Pang, and C. Kottmeier. 1998. Sea ice motion from satellite passive microwave imagery assessed with ERS SAR and buoy motions. J. Geophys. Res. 103(C4):8191-8214.
Liu, A.K. and D.J. Cavalieri. 1998. On sea ice drift from the wavelet analysis of the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) data. Int. J. Remote Sensing. 19(7):1415-1423.
Maslanik, J., C. Fowler, J. Key, T. Scambos, T. Hutchinson, and W. Emery. 1998. AVHRR-based Polar Pathfinder products for modeling applications. Annals of Glaciol. 25:388-392.
Meier, W;N., J.A. Maslanik, J.R. Key, and C.W. W. Fowler. 1997. Multiparameter AVHRR-derived products for Arctic climate studies. Earth Interactions. 1.
Moritz, R. E., J. A. Curry, A. S. Thorndike, and N. Untersteiner eds. 1993. SHEBA a research program on the Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean. ARCSS OAII report II.
Njoku, E. G., B. Rague, and K. Fleming. 1998. Nimbus-7 SMMR Pathfinder Brightness Temperature Data. JPL Publication 98-4, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA.
Overland J. E. and K. L. Davidson. 1992. Geostrophic drag coefficients over sea ice, Tellus 44(A):54-66.
Overland, J. E. and R. L. Colony. 1994. Geostrophic drag coefficients for the central Arctic derived from Soviet drifting station data, Tellus 46(A):75-85.
Poe, G. A. 1990. Optimum interpolation of imaging microwave radiometer data. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing GE-28:800-810.
Rao, C.R.N. 1993. Degradation of the visible and near- infrared channels of the advanced very high resolution radiometer on the NOAA-9 spacecraft: assessment and recommendations for corrections. NOAA Technical Report NESDIS 70, U.S. Department of Commerce, 25 pp.
Rao, C.Rn.N. 1993. Nonlinearity corrections for the thermal infrared channels of the AVHRR: Assessment and recommendations. NOAA Tech. Rept., NESDIS 69, 31 pp.
Rosborough, G.W., D.G. Baldwin, and W.J. Emery. 1994. Precise AVHRR image navigation. IEEE Trans. Geosci. and Remote Sens. 32(3):644-657.
Schweiger, A. J., and J. Key. 1992. Arctic Cloudiness: Comparison of ISCCP-C2 and Nimbus-7 satellite-derived cloud products with a surface-based cloud climatology. J. Climate 5:1514-27
Schweiger, A. J. and J. Key. 1994. Arctic Ocean Radiative Fluxes and Cloud Forcing Estimated from the ISCCP C2 Cloud Dataset, 1983-1990. J. Applied Meteorology 33:948-63.
Schweiger, A., C. Fowler, J. Key, J. Maslanik, J. Francis, R. Armstrong, M.Brodzik, T. Scambos, T. Haran, M. Ortmeyer, S. Khalsa, D. Rothrock and R. Weaver. 1999. P-Cube: A multisensor data set for polar climate research. Proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Polar Meteorology and Oceanography, American Meteorological Society, Dallas, TX, Jan 10-15, 1999.
Stogryn, A. 1978. Estimates of brightness temperatures from scanning radiometer data. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. AP-26:720-726.
Stubenrauch, C. J., W. B. Rossow, F. Cheruy, A. Chedin and N. A. Scott. 1999. Clouds as seen by satellite sounders (3) and imagers (ISCCP), Part I. Evaluation of cloud parameters. Journal of Climate 12(8) (August): 2189-2213.
Swift, C. T., and D. J. Cavalieri. 1985. Passive microwave remote sensing for sea ice research. EOS 66(49):1,210-12.
Warren, S. G., C. J. Hahn, J. London, R. M. Chervin and R. L. Jenne. 1988. Global distribution of total cloud cover and cloud type amounts over the ocean. NCAR Tech. Note. TN-317+STR. Boulder, CO. 42 p.
Wentz, F. J. 1991. User's Manual SSM/I Antenna Temperature Tapes, Revision 1. Remote Sensing Systems Technical Report 120191. Santa Rosa, CA. 70 p.
Wentz, F. J. 1992. Final Report, Production of SSM/I Data Sets. Remote Sensing Systems Technical Report 090192. Santa Rosa, CA. 9 p.
Wentz, F. J. 1993. User's Manual SSM/I Antenna Temperature Tapes, Revision 2. Remote Sensing Systems Technical Report 120193. Santa Rosa, CA. 13 p.
Document Revision Date: 10 May 2005
Document Review Date: 17 May 1999
Document Curator: NSIDC Writers
Document URL: http://nsidc.org/data/docs/daac/nsidc0069_pathfinder_sampler.gd.html
